Nepal acceded to the Conventions on February 7, 1964. Now, in many cases, armies no longer face each other on the battlefield autonomous weapons, cyber warfare and artificial intelligence have changed the battlefield scenario.Īll countries, including Nepal, are parties to the Geneva Conventions. Only the form and modality of war have changed over the years. Despite the efforts made by the states to avoid or ban war from the ancient period to the modern era, they have failed in all ages. The Conventions and their Protocols form the key instruments of IHL. The Protocols govern the means and methods of warfare. The 1949 Geneva Conventions were later complemented by adopting the two Additional Protocols in 1977 that covered both international and non-international armed conflict. The four Geneva Conventions offer protection to wounded and sick soldiers on land and at sea, prisoners of war and civilians. Later, various states adopted the four Geneva Conventions of August 12, 1949, to address limitations and gaps witnessed in the conduct of hostilities in twin world wars. The codification of modern International Humanitarian Law (IHL), also known as the law of armed conflict or law of war, began in 1864 with the adoption of the first Geneva Convention in Geneva, Switzerland.
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